Cooling and insttlathio bybtkm



E. H. SHERBONDY. v

COOLING AND INSULAHNG SYSTEM FUR TURBO COMPRESSORS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23.19l8

Patented July 22, 1919. 22 2 SHEEITS-SHEHI rZZZSkerZoMy v4 :Zgm

E. H. SHERBUNDY.

000mm; AND INSULATING SYSTEM FOR TURBO COMPHESSORS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23, I918,

1,310,672. Pzltonfvd July 22, 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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COOLING AND msummo srs'nm FOR Hum-1::

lpeeileattolofl'fflfls 'atu Patented July 22, 1919.

a neaqonmmaa, 1.1a. mama To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EARL H. Sunr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooling and Insulating Systems for Turbo-Comp of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to turbo-blowels, more particularly to gas operated turboblowers, that is, a blower in which the turbine wheel is operated by the exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.

This invention relates also to a turboblower particularly adapted for use on airplanes and for that reason, the size of said unit on account of the extreme limitations of pace in an airplane fuselage, must be kept down to the absolute minimum. This OfJIB- cessity, causes the turbine wheel and the blower wheel of the compressor unit to be located rather closely together. The turbine wheel on account of its intimate contact with the hot exhaust gases, is itself at substantially a red heat when in operation. On the other hand, the blower wheel must be kept considerably cooler than the turbine wheel.

The objects of this invention are:

1. To provide aninsulating air path between the two wheel units whereby the excessive heat from the turbine wheel will be prevented from being communicated to the blower wheel. V

2. To provide positive cooling means for the turbine wheel.

3. A combination of the above twoobjects, that is to say, an insulating air path between the two units, which in addition to its insulating function, has a function of cooling the turbine wheel by direct contact therewith.

4. To provide means for forced circulation of air through the aforementioned ai'r paths.

An embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail in the attached drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view of a turbo-compressor unit showing the insulating air path. Fig. 2 is a view showing an air path which has both insulating and cooling action. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 represent modifications. v p r Referring now to the drawings, 1 represents a turbine wheel operated by the exfromau internal combustion engme. wheel 1s mounted on a shaft 2, supported inbearings 3 and 4. Rigidly fastened to this shaft is the blower-wheel 5, all of well-known construction. It may be noted, however, that the two wheels are rather closely together for the already stated masonthattheunitmustbekeptsmallin order to apply to an airplane engine. Asmated with the turbine wheel 1, is an exhnust casing 8, formed by the walls 6 and 7. The exhaust gases enter the exhaust casing 8, the entrance 9. The casing is tlally annular in shape and is provided with a series of nozzles 10, which dimet the hot exhaust gases into the buckets 11 of the turbine wheel 1. The exhaust gases after having passed through said buckets 11, pass on to the atmosphere or to a muffler through the opening 12.

8, may be mounted on the shaft 2 as shown and a labyrinth packing 13, may be rovided.

wall 14, is provided on the other side of the turbine wheel 1, which, together with the casing element 7, forms an exhaust chamber 15 of considerable size into which the gasiislmay escape just after leaving the buckets The blower-wheel is of usual construction and may be provided with a casing consisting of elements 16 and 17, which merge into the air supply pipe 19, from which the comp air is led, to be used for any desired purpose through the pipe 20.

casing elements 14 and 17 together form a bearing 21, which may be provided with a. labyrinth packing 13 The casing element 14, is obviously at a temperature, while the casing element 17, must be kept at a considerable lower temperature. The air space between these two casing elements even if not in motion, pro vides a slight insulating space between the two cases. An important object of this invention, however, is to provide a double layer of movin air between these two casing elements. is double layer of air has primarily an insulating function. Secondarily, however, it is obvious that by its direct contact with the casing elements 17 and 14, it has a positive cooling action, particularly on the very hot casing element 14, adjacent to the turbine.

An annular artition P is provided, located substantia ly mid-way between the two casin elements 14 and 17. At its outer perip ery, the partition P may be formed into an air receiving horn 22, located just beingI'in direct contact with casing element' 14 t will also be evident that one layer of air will be particularly efiicacious in cooling the hot wall 14 and that both layers toggther provide an eflicient insulatin means tween the casing elements L1 and 1 Referring now to Fi 2, we have the casing elements 14 and 1 as before. It will be noted, however, that the casing 14 is arranged in this modification to terminate farther out from the shaft 2 at a oint 25 near the buckets 11. This it will noted, exposes a considerable portion 26 of the turbine wheel 1 to the air space between the'two casing elements 14 and 17. The partition P is provided with the horn 22 as efore. At its inner end, however, it is curved, as at 27, so that it Wlll uide the air passing along the passage .P into direct contact with the hot turbine wheel 1, after which it passes on out through the passage .P'.

In this modification, there is the same insulating and cooling action as described in detail in connection with Fig. 1. In addition, however, there is the im ortant feature of the direct and positive coo ing of the turbine lthee] air 1 therewig In short then in this modification, there' is a cooling action on the casing elements 14 and 17, an insulating action of the double llyer of air P and P and the direct cooling 0 the turbine wheel 1, by actual contact therewith.

In Fig. 2, a similar arran ment is provided for cooling the other si e of the w eel at 26'. Partitions R and R to ther form a horn 22', an incoming air path and outs ing air path P', which cools the wheel 1 y contact therewith at 26'.

It should be noted, however, that if the compressed air is to be used for carburetion purposes, it is desirable that it be heated to a greater or less degree. If the air is to be so used, the parts may be so desi edthatthe cooling and insulating action will be small,

1 due to the fact of the moving,

directed into positive contact beg-inn in which case more or less heat will be transnntted to the blower casing, but not to such an extent as to excessively heat the blower casing.

The turbine wheel, by virtue of its high speed and the friction of the air against its surface, operates to draw air in throu h the assage P and by centrifugal force, t rows it out through passage P The air may be caused to circulate around the partition P in a number of different ways in'addition to the centrifugal action just described, which will now be described, reference being made to Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6. In F' 3, the partition P and horn 22 are provi ed as before. Leadin oil? from the air pipe 19, there is a nozz e 28 which is turned around and directed into born 22 to direct air coming from the blower wheel into the passa P. In this modification, it is evident at the air passing out of the nozzle 28 will cause air to be drawn in through the horn 22, or that air passing into the horn 22 will cause air drawn from the nozzle 28 according as the air velocity is greater through 28 or through 22, as in an m actor.

n F 4, a modification is shown in which air is tapped directly from the air supply pipe- 19 through an opening 29, which opens directly into the air assage P. A throttle valve 30 may be provided if desired, which may be either manually or automatically operated. The operation of this modification will be obvious.

Referring now to Fi 5, a modification is shown in which 616%101'11 22 is omitted, the entire supply of air for the air paths P and P coming from the air supply casing 19. As in Fig. 4, throttle valve 30 may be provided.

Referring now to Fig. 6, a modification is shown in which the means for causing the forced circulation of the air, is located at the end of. the air path rather than at the thereof, as in the other fi res. Passage terminates in a rearward y directed nozzle 31, around which is arranged a Venturi tube 32, whereb air is sucked in at the mouth 33, asses t rough the passa P and P an out at the nozzle 31. It is evident that one or more of these modifications may be combined in the same device if necessa or advisable. That is to say in Fig. 3, or exam lo, a venturi may be used at the rear end oi in Fig. 6, for example, a horn 22 could be used, or an opening 29 and a throttle valve 30 could also be used; With proper design, howevenone of these air circulatmg devices will be suflieient and the simpler arrangements are preferred to the more complicated combinations. It should be understood that while I have illustrated several different embodiments of the passage P, or

the invention and parts thereof, that these and other parts may be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim 1. In a turbo-compressor, a fluid driven turbine wheel, a blower wheel and means to cause two distinct layers of air to circulate between the two wheels.

2. In a turbo-co]npresser, a fluid driven turbine wheel, a blower wheel, casing elements associated with each wheel and means to cause air to circulate between a turbine wheel casing element and the adjacent blower wheel easing; element.

3. 111 a turbo-compressor, a fluid driven turbine wheel, a blower wheel, casing ele ments associated with each wheel and means to cause two distinct layers of air to circulate between a turbine wheel casing element and the adjacent blower wheel casing elements.

1. In a turbo-compressor, the combination of a fluid driven turbine wheel, a blower wheel, casing elements associated with each of said wheels and means to cause air to circulate between a turbine wheel casing element and the adjacent blower wheel 'asing element, said means comprising a partition arranged between said turbine wheel casing element and said adjacent blower wheel casing element.

5. A turbo-compressor for a vehicle comprising a turbine wheel and a blower wheel and means becoming operative due to rush of air past the turbo-compressor to cause air to circulate between the two wheels.

(3. In a turbo-compressor, the combination of a turbine wheel, a blower wheel, a casing for said blower wheel and means to cause air to circulate past the said casing and into contact with the turbine wheel.

7. In a turbo-compressor, the combination of a turbine wheel, a blower wheel, casing elements associated with each of said wheels and means to cause air to circulate past an element of the blower wheel easing, into contact with the turbine wheel and past the adjacent element of the turbine wheel easing.

8. A turbo-con1pressor for a vehicle comprising a turbine wheel, and a blower wheel, a casing for said blower wheel, and means to cause air to circulate past the said casing and into contact with the turbine wheel, said means becoming operative due to the passage of the vehicle through the air.

9. A turbo-compressor for a vehicle comprising a turbine wheel and a blower wheel, casing elements associated with each wheel, means to cause air to circulate past an element of the blower wheel easing, into con tact with the turbine wheel, and past the adjacent element of the turbine wheel casing, said means becoming operative due to the rush of air past the vehicle.

10. A turbo-compressor for a vehicle comprising a turbine wheel and a blower wheel, casing elements associated with said wheels, a partition located between a casing element of the blower wheel and the adjacent casing element of the turbine wheel, and means associated with said partition and adapted to cause air to circulate on both sides of said partition, said means becoming operative due to the rush of air past the vehicle.

11. A turbo-compressor for a vehicle. comprising a turbine wheel and a blower wheel, casing elements associated with said wheels, a partition located between a casing element of the blower wheel and the adjacent casing element of the turbine wheel, and means associated with said partition and adapted to -ause air to circulate past one side of the partition, onto the turbine wheel and past the other side of the partition, said means becoming operative due to the rush of air past the vehicle.

12. In a turbo-com ressor, the combina tion of a turbine whee a blower wheel, casing elements for said wheels, a partition between a casing element of the blower wheel and the adjacent casing element of the tur bine wheel, and means for causing a part of the air compressed by said blower wheel to circulate on both sides of said artition.

13. In a turbo-compressor, tie combination of a turbine wheel, a blower wheel, casing elements associated with each wheel, an annular partition arranged between a. blower wheel casing element and the adja cent turbine wheel casing element, adapted to provide two distinct air passages that connect with one another near the inner part of said partition.

14. A turbo-compressor for a vehicle comprising a. turbine wheel and a blower wheel, casing elements associated with each wheel, an annular partition arranged between a blower wheel casing element and the adjacent turbine wheel casing element, adapted to provide two distinct air passages that connect with one another near the inner part of said partition and means associated with said partition and adapted to be actuated by the rush of air past the vehicle to cause air to circulate through said air passages.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

EARL H. SHERBONDY. 

